Mitosis, stature and evolution of plant mating systems: low-Φ and high-Φ plants

φ φ φ φ φ φ k From Max - SAT to Min - UNSAT : Insights and Applications

This report describes a strong connection between maximum satisfiability and minimally-unsatisfiable subfor-mulas of any constraint system, as well as techniques for exploiting it. Focusing on CNF formulas, we explore this relationship and present novel algorithms for extracting minimally-unsatisfiable subformulas, including one that finds all such subformulas. We present experimental results s...

1 2 Κ ′ 2 ( Φ † Φ ′ ′ ) ( Φ ′ ′

We show how the nearly bi-maximal mixing scenario comes out naturally from gauged SO(3) F flavor symmetry via spontaneous symmetry breaking. An interesting relation between the neutrino mass-squared differences and the mixing angle, i.e., ∆m 2 µe /∆m 2 τ µ ≃ 2|U e3 | 2 is obtained. The smallness of the ratio (or |U e3 |) can also naturally be understood from an approximate permutation symmetry....

( a ) Φ ( a , B ) Φ Φ ( B , C ) ( C , D )

Ckm Unitarity Angles Α ( Φ 2 ) and Γ ( Φ

In the Standard Model, the origin of CP-violation lies in the charged weak interaction sector, which involves transitions amongst quarks of different flavor and charge through the emission of a virtual W . The coupling strengths of these transitions for the 3 generations of quarks form a 3×3 matrix first introduced by M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa and known as the (CKM) matrix. The CKM matrix is ...

(φ,ρ)-monotonicity and Generalized (φ,ρ)-monotonicity

In this paper, new concepts of monotonicity, namely (Φ, ρ)-monotonicity, (Φ, ρ)-pseudo-monotonicity and (Φ, ρ)-quasi-monotonicityare introduced for functions defined in Banach spaces. Series of necessary conditions are also given that relate (Φ, ρ)-invexity and generalized (Φ, ρ)-invexity of the function with (Φ, ρ)monotonicity and generalized (Φ, ρ)-monotonicity of its gradient.